林产工业

紫外光(UV)固化木器涂料饰面人造板被广泛用于室内家装领域，但近年来有关其气味问题的投诉不断增加。为解决这一问题，以不同工艺制备的UV涂料饰面人造板为研究对象，分析了其气味强度等级、有机挥发物(VOCs)主要成分、浓度和特征气味溯源。结果表明：膜压封闭板气味最小，而哑光开放板气味明显。面漆的选择和工艺对UV涂料饰面人造板气味的影响较大。气味主要源自面漆和底漆中的树脂，以及单体溶液中的溶剂、光引发剂的反应残留碎片等。4种饰面板中，醛类化合物对气味的贡献作用最大，其次是苯及苯系物。哑光开放板的气味物质中，苯甲醛、乙醛和己醛的质量浓度分别为15.58、40.92μg/m³和3.73μg/m³，均超过了嗅阈值，且苯甲醛超65倍。尽管存在气味问题，但整体上4种类型板材VOCs中对人体有致癌性的甲醛、乙醛、乙苯、二甲苯和苯乙烯，以及总有机挥发物(TVOC)释放量均满足国内外相关标准和认证要求。

Ultraviolet(UV) curable wood coating decorative wood-based panels are widely used in interior decoration, but complaints about their odor problems have being increasing in recent years. In this paper, the odor intensity level, main components, concentrations, and characteristic odor traceability of the main volatile organic compounds(VOCs) released by decorative wood-based panels with UV-curing coating under different processing techniques were analyzed. The results showed that the odor of the membrane pressure closed panel was the smallest, while the smell of the matte open plate was obvious. The selection and process of topcoat had a great influence on the odor of the panels prepared by UV coating. The odor was mainly derived from the solvent in the resin and monomer solution of topcoat and primer, the reaction residual fragments of the photoinitiator, etc. The aldehyde compounds contributed the most to the odor, and benzene and benzene series came the second. The concentrations of benzaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and hexanal were 15.58 μg/m³, 40.92 μg/m³, and 3.73 μg/m³, respectively, which exceeded the olfactory threshold of these compounds, and the benzaldehyde exceeded the olfactory threshold by 65 times. Although some types of panels have odor problems, the amount emission of total volatile organic compounds(TVOC) and these carcinogenic compounds including formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, ethylbenzene, xylene, and styrene of four decorative panels could still meet the relevant standards and certification requirements at home and abroad.